In Spanish, verb conjugation involves changing a verb form so that it aligns with the subject (the person or thing performing the action) and reflects the time frame (present, past, future, etc.). Specifically, the present tense describes actions that are currently happening, habitual actions, facts, or it is used to emphasize an action.
Each of these uses of the present tense involves a slightly different concept of time, but they all use the present tense form in Spanish. Now, let’s learn how to conjugate verbs in the present tense by starting with the verb endings -ar, -er, and -ir.
Here’s how you can approach conjugating a verb in the present tense:
Spanish verbs typically end in -ar, -er, or -ir. This ending tells you which group the verb belongs to and dictates how it will be conjugated.
Comer
Leer
Correr
Vivir
Escribir
Recibir
To conjugate a verb, start by removing the -ar, -er, or -ir from the infinitive (the basic form of the verb). What you are left with is called the “stem” or “root.”
Once you have the stem, you add a new ending according to the subject and the verb group (-ar, -er, -ir). Each subject pronoun (I, you, he, she, we, they) has its own specific ending in Spanish.
Yo |
- o |
Nosotros |
- amos |
Tú (Juana, Juan) |
- as |
Vosotros (informal Spain) |
- áis |
Él/Ella/Ud. (Sra./Dr. García) |
- a |
Ellos/Ellas/Uds. |
- an |
Yo |
hablo tomo estudio |
Nosotros |
hablamos tomamos estudiamos |
Tú (Juana, Juan) |
hablas tomas estudias |
Vosotros (informal Spain) |
habláis tomáis estudiáis |
Él/Ella/Ud. (Sra./Dr. García) |
habla toma estudia |
Ellos/Ellas/Uds. |
hablan toman estudian |
Hablar (to speak):
Tomar (to take/drink):
Estudiar (to study):
Yo |
- o |
Nosotros |
- emos |
Tú (Juana, Juan) |
- es |
Vosotros (informal Spain) |
- éis |
Él/Ella/Ud. (Sra./Dr. García) |
- e |
Ellos/Ellas/Uds. |
- en |
Yo |
como leo corro |
Nosotros |
comemos leemos corremos |
Tú (Juana, Juan) |
comes lees corres |
Vosotros (informal Spain) |
coméis leéis corréis |
Él/Ella/Ud. (Sra./Dr. García) |
come lee corre |
Ellos/Ellas/Uds. |
comen leen corren |
Comer (to eat):
Leer (to read):
Correr (to run):
Yo |
- o |
Nosotros |
- imos |
Tú (Juana, Juan) |
- es |
Vosotros (informal Spain) |
- ís |
Él/Ella/Ud. (Sra./Dr. García) |
- e |
Ellos/Ellas/Uds. |
- en |
Yo |
vivo escribo recibo |
Nosotros |
vivimos escribimos recibimos |
Tú (Juana, Juan) |
vives escribes recibes |
Vosotros (informal Spain) |
vivís escribís recibís |
Él/Ella/Ud. (Sra./Dr. García) |
vive escribe recibe |
Ellos/Ellas/Uds. |
viven escriben reciben |
Vivir (to live):
Escribir (to write):
Recibir (to receive):