Instruction: Spanish Present Perfect – Irregular

Common Irregular Past Participles

Here are some of the most common irregular past participles you’ll encounter:

Examples of Irregular Verbs in the Present Perfect

Here are examples of how irregular verbs are used in the present perfect tense:

1. Abrir (to open)
   • Yo he abierto la ventana. (I have opened the window.)
   • Nosotros hemos abierto la puerta. (We have opened the door.)
2. Decir (to say)
   • Ella ha dicho la verdad. (She has told the truth.)
   • Vosotros habéis dicho que sí. (You all have said yes – informal, used mainly in Spain.)
3. Escribir (to write)
   • Tú has escrito una carta. (You have written a letter.)
   • Ellos han escrito un libro. (They have written a book.)
4. Hacer (to do/make)
   • Yo he hecho la tarea. (I have done the homework.)
   • Nosotros hemos hecho un pastel. (We have made a cake.)
5. Morir (to die)
   • Mi perro ha muerto de viejo. (My dog has died of old age.)
   • Las flores han muerto por falta de agua. (The flowers have died due to lack of water.)
6. Poner (to put)
   • Yo he puesto la mesa. (I have set the table.)
   • Ellos han puesto las llaves en la mesa. (They have put the keys on the table.)
7. Resolver (to resolve)
   • Hemos resuelto el problema. (We have resolved the problem.)
   • Ella ha resuelto el misterio. (She has solved the mystery.)
8. Romper (to break)
   • Tú has roto el vaso. (You have broken the glass.)
   • Ellos han roto la ventana. (They have broken the window.)
9. Ver (to see)
   • Yo he visto esa película. (I have seen that movie.)
   • Nosotros hemos visto a nuestros amigos. (We have seen our friends.)
10. Volver (to return)

• Él ha vuelto de su viaje. (He has returned from his trip.)
• Ellos han vuelto al trabajo. (They have returned to work.)

Usage of the Present Perfect with Irregular Verbs

Just like with regular verbs, the present perfect tense with irregular verbs is commonly used to describe:

1. Experiences:
   • He visto muchas películas. (I have seen many movies.)
2. Actions that have happened recently:
   • Hemos hecho la cena. (We have made dinner.)
3. Actions that have an impact on the present:
   • Ella ha dicho algo importante. (She has said something important.)

Conclusion

Mastering the present perfect tense with irregular verbs is important for sounding fluency in Spanish, as these verbs are frequently used in everyday conversations. By practicing these irregular forms, you’ll be able to accurately describe past actions that are relevant to the present. Keep practicing, and continue building your Spanish proficiency!